A Lean Mean Nail Gun.

Bosch reinvents and upgraded common nail gun. Bosch made an average nail gun more efficient. As shown in the diagram, the "Bosch Full Force Nailer" was smaller than the normal nail gun, but, it has a driving power of the big guns.





Nail gun that are moved by air pressure (Pneumatic Nailers) can slash the time it takes to fasten everything from window trim to roof rafters. The basic body parts of the tool haven't change since 1960's. The nail gun still use compressed air that pushes a piston that drives a rod, forcing nail deep into wood before the tool resets for the next nail. NOw, Bosch had figure out how to make a nailer 20% smaller but having a boosting power of 10% so that it can drive nails into hard woods like walnut with less pressure than other guns. Instead of reserving some of the compressed air for resting the pistons, which weakens the strike, the tool uses all of the air's energy to drive the nails. A vent exhausts the air and a second bust return the pistons. Since Bosch nailer can operate at lower pressure, it reduces wear on compressors and components while still hammering 1 to 2.5 inch long nails all day.

Design Highlights on the Nail Gun
Self-Cleaning Filter: The pressurized air leaving the tool cleans this filter, which captures debris like sawdust and dirt, preventing it from clogging the cylinder.
Fitting: A connection to an air hose allows pressurized air to flow from an electric air compressor into the nailer, where it’s moved by valves controlled by the trigger.
Bump Firing: Like most nailers, the Bosch also has a semiautomatic mode called bump firing, in which you can hold down the trigger and fire a nail just by pressing the nose to the wood. A toggle switch on the trigger changes the position of a metal lever inside so that it touches the trigger-valve pin. At that point, depressing the nose pushes the metal lever into the pin, activating the trigger.
Depth of Drive: A dial lets you adjust the distance between the nose and the board, which changes how deeply the gun drives the nail.

Step By Step
1. A spring in the magazine feeds forward sleeves of 16-gauge nails one at a time, putting one directly under the driver blade.
2. Squeezing the trigger opens the nailer’s main valve, letting in air from a compressor that sets the 33-gram aluminum piston in motion.
3. The driver blade, a 5.3-inch steel rod attached to the bottom of the piston, smacks the nail, driving it into the wood.
4. Just behind the nose is a plastic vent that exhausts all the air as the piston descends in less than 0.1 second, so it meets with almost no resistance. A second burst of compressed air pushes the driver blade and the piston back up, ready for the next strike. In conventional nailers, a reservoir captures some of the air and rechannels it to push the piston back into position.

The shock bullet

One of the many amazing machines that interest me is a electric shot gun shell.This bullet is a shotgun slug replace lead with electronics to deliver a nasty but non-lethal jolt. The electric shotgun shell has a electric shock power that temporarily paralize a person within 20 seconds.

Most users of the shock bullet("XREP" extended Range Electronic Projectile) are Law enforcers that are in the line of duty. Everytime a cop patrol spot a mugging in a side of a town, the "XREP" comes in handy. When chasing a crook in the alley and trying to get away, a cop can shoot him at a maximum range of 100 ft with the innovative electric shock shotgun shell.

Unlike the average air taser, the XREP demonsrate safer and has farther range of penetration. It is impossible for a suspect to get away. It includes that a crook cannot harm the cops in some cases when a crook tried to retaliate because of the XREP's range.

The biggest challenge that this bullet acheive was minituration. The Taser contain high capacity of 50,000 volts which is good enough to penetrate a cloth. In the other hand, XREP only consumed 500 volts to allow smaller circuity.Instead of arcing the current, it sends it directly into the body via barbed electrodes that pierce the skin.Based on the lead engineer Mark Hanchett, "the key isn't so much about the voltage but the waveform". The current shaped to mimic electrical signals in the body and jams the body.

Shock Bullet TASER XREP WIRELESS ROUND
Size: 12 gauge
Weight: 25 grams
Speed: 270 ft. per second
Range: 100 ft.
Current: 1.3 milliamps
Get it:When you get your badge—the XREP is for law enforcement only.


Design Highlights on the Electronic Shotgun Slug:
Nose: On impact, four electrified barbs on the nose of the projectile hook into the skin, delivering a small, localized shock across a six-inch area. This is merely a prelude to the bigger shock that will soon follow. The force of the impact breaks a series of pins that allow the projectile’s chassis to separate from the nose and dangle downward from a live copper wire.

Barbs: If the assailant fails to grab the wire to complete the circuit, six longer barbs on the projectile can also penetrate the skin. With the plastic sheathing removed on impact, the half-inch electrodes—called “chollas,” after a fierce cactus plant native to Arizona’s Sonoran Desert—pop out like spikes and swing into the body.

Hand Trap: The assailant’s natural instinct is to grab the dangling wire and rip out the barbs, but the wire is pulsing with current—touching it allows electricity to flow from the first set of electrodes in the nose of the projectile to the assailant’s hand, which contracts from the shock and squeezes tight around the wire so he can’t let go. Electricity now freely flows through his body, causing about 20 seconds of paralysis.

Fins: When the slug leaves the shotgun, three fins deploy from its tail, helping the projectile stay on track as it sails up to 100 feet toward its target.

Transformer: This converts energy from the battery to discharge 1.3 milliamps of current for 20 seconds. The power is relatively weak; in comparison, a wall outlet delivers about 20 amps. More important is the way the current propagates and interacts with electrical signals in the body. “If you get the waveform right, you can overwhelm the nervous system,” says Taser engineer Mark Hanchett.

Microprocessor: Once the circuit is complete, an onboard computer commands the voltage capacitor to fire, modulating the intensity, duration and shape of the current.

Power: Two lithium batteries power the microprocessor and electrical circuitry.

Shell: The circuitry is potted inside shock-absorbing plastic to ensure that it survives the force of the shotgun blast and collision with the target.